大科学项目的国际科学合作模式及特点探究——以斯隆数字巡天(SDSS)项目为例

Exploration of International Scientific Cooperation's Mode and Features in Big Science Projects——A Case of The Sloan Digital Sky Survey(SDSS) Project

国际科学合作已经成为当今大科学时代开展大科学项目研究的主流科学生产方式。研究大科学项目的国际科学合作的运行模式及其特征,对我国开展大科学项目研究具有一定的理论和实践指导意义。由美国牵头发起的斯隆数字巡天(SDSS)项目是21世纪以来典型的大科学项目,在Web of Science平台检索依托这一项目的科学论文,利用Cite Space信息可视化软件系统对这一项目的国家和机构两个层面的科学合作情况进行分析,揭示了该项目的国际科学合作中以多边交叉型合作模式、双边交互性合作模式和补充型合作模式为核心的"外、中、内"3层合作体系,总结了大科学项目国际科学合作的基本特征,为我国参与和主导国际大科学合作提供参考借鉴。

International scientific cooperation has been the main scientific production mode of big science projects in big science times. Research big science operation mode and characteristics of international scientific cooperation has theoretical and practical significance for developing big science project in China. SDSS project is a typical big science project leading by the United States since 21 century. This paper retrieved the articles based on SDSS project from Web of Science and made a information visualization on countries and institutions＇ scientific cooperation by CiteSpace software system. This paper revealed the three layers scientific cooperation system including multilateral cross cooperation pattern,bilateral interactive cooperation mode and complementary cooperation mode. It summarized the basic characteristics of international scientific cooperation of big science projects in order to providing important reference of participating and leading international scientific cooperation for China.