虎杖主要农艺性状的相关及通径分析

Correlations and Path Analysis of Main Agronomic Characters in Polygonum cuspidatum

为探明虎杖主要农艺性状间及其与单株产量间的相关关系,为虎杖育种和高产栽培提供参考,对采自川渝两地19份虎杖资源的主要农艺性状进行相关和通径分析。结果表明:9个主要农艺性状与单株产量(y)的相关系数绝对值为主根粗(x8)>茎叶鲜重(x9)>分枝数(x4)>茎粗(x2)>主根长(x6)>冠幅(x5)>株高(x1)>主茎叶数(x3)>侧根数(x7)。最佳回归方程y=-84.867+6.900x3-46.376x4+1.238x5+225.457x8+0.983x9,R2=0.909,F=23.988**,即主茎叶数、分枝数、冠幅、主根粗和茎叶鲜重是影响虎杖单株产量的主要因素。茎叶鲜重对单株产量的直接效应最大,其次是分枝数,第三是主根粗。茎叶鲜重、分枝数和主根粗是虎杖品种选育的主要目标性状和高产栽培的主攻方向。虎杖高产株型为茎叶茂盛,分枝数较少,主根较粗,主茎叶数、冠幅适中的植株。

Main agronomic characters of 19 P.cuspidatumresources from sichuan and Chongqing were analyzed by correlation and path analysis to verify correlations among main agronomic characters and between main agronomic character and yield per plant in P.cuspidatum and to provide a reference for breeding and high-yield cultivation of P.cuspidatum.Results：The correlation coefficient absolute value between 9 main agronomic characters and yield per plant is main root width（x8）〉fresh stem and leaf weight（x9）〉 branch number（x4）〉 stem width（x2） 〉main root length（x6）〉 crown width（x5）〉 plant height（x1）〉leaf number on main stem（x3）〉lateral root number（x7）.The optimum regression equation is y =-84.867＋6.900x3-46.376x4＋1.238x5＋225.457x8＋0.983x9（R2=0.909 and F=23.988＊＊）,which indicates the leaf number on main stem,branch number,crown width,main root width and fresh stem and leaf weight are main factors to affect yield per plant.The fresh stem and leaf weight,branch number and main root width are main target characters for breeding of P.cuspidatumand main direction for high-yield cultivation of P.cuspidatumbecause the direct effect of fresh stem and leaf weight on yield per plant is the maximum,followed by branch number and main root width.The plant type of P.cuspidatum with high yield should include flourish leaves,less branch number,higher main root width,more leaves on main stem and moderate crown width.