上海市女性残疾人妇科检查结果分析

Gynecological Examination Outcome of Female Disabled Persons in Shanghai

目的了解上海市女性残疾人的妇科检查情况,为制定女性残疾人保健政策提供参考依据。方法通过上海市残疾人联合会的"康复综合信息平台",收集2012年1月—2014年8月上海市阳光康复中心和2013年1月—2014年6月上海市康复职业培训中心的女性残疾人健康体检数据29 091份(上海市阳光康复中心18 200份,上海市康复职业培训中心10 891份)。主要收集内容包括年龄、残疾类型及分级、妇科体检结果,比较并分析不同年龄、残疾特征残疾人的妇科异常结果检出情况。结果共检出妇科异常结果 158种,其中6种的检出率>5.00%,分别为宫颈糜烂(15.31%,4 454/29 091)、子宫萎缩(9.59%,2 789/29 091)、阴道充血(6.09%,1 773/29 091)、子宫颈充血(5.75%,1 673/29 091)、子宫增大(5.52%,1 606/29 091)和子宫偏大(5.17%,1 504/29 091)。(1)不同年龄女性残疾人的宫颈糜烂、子宫萎缩、阴道充血、子宫颈充血、子宫增大、子宫偏大、子宫质硬、子宫颈炎、子宫偏小、阴道萎缩检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)不同残疾类型女性残疾人的宫颈糜烂、子宫萎缩、阴道充血、子宫颈充血、子宫增大、子宫偏大、子宫质硬、子宫颈炎、子宫偏小、阴道萎缩检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)不同等级肢体残疾女性残疾人的宫颈糜烂、子宫萎缩、阴道充血、子宫颈充血、子宫增大、子宫偏大、子宫质硬、子宫颈炎、阴道萎缩检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同等级视力残疾女性残疾人的子宫萎缩、子宫质硬检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同等级智力残疾女性残疾人的子宫萎缩、子宫颈炎、子宫偏小检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同等级精神残疾女性残疾人的子宫质硬检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同等级多重残疾女性残疾人的子宫萎缩检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论女性残疾人的宫颈糜烂、子宫萎缩等宫颈疾病的检出率较高,开展残疾人妇科体检并进行相关预防和康复治疗,对残疾女性的生殖健康具有一定意义。

Objective To know the gynecological examination status of female disabled people in Shanghai and provide basis for the development of health- care policy of female disabled people. Methods Through the ＂ Comprehensive Information Platform for Rehabilitation＂ of Shanghai Disabled Persons＇ Federation,29 091 health examination data of the female disabled persons were collected from Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center from January 2012 to August 2014, and from Shanghai Training Center of Vocation and Rehabilitation from January 2013 to June 2014（ 18 200 in the former institution and 10 891 in the latter）. The age,disability types and classifications,and gynecological examination outcomes were mainly collected,and the gynecological abnormal results of the disabled with different ages and disease attributes were compared and analyzed. Results A total of 158 gynecological abnormal results were detected,6 of them had a detection rate 5. 00%,and they were cervical erosion（ 15. 31%, 4 454 /29 091）, atrophy uterine（ 9. 59%, 2 789 /29 091）, vagina hyperemia（ 6. 09%, 1 773/29 091）,cervical hyperemia（ 5. 75%,1 673 /29 091）,uterine augmentation（ 5. 52%,1 606 /29 091） and large uterus（ 5. 17%,1 504 /29 091） respectively.（ 1） There were significant differences in the detection rate of cervical erosion,uterine atrophy,vagina hyperemia,cervical hyperemia, uterine augmentation, large uterus, hard uterine texture, cervicitis, small uterus and vaginal atrophy of the female disabled persons with different ages（ P〈0. 05）.（ 2） There were significant differences in the detection rate of cervical erosion, uterine atrophy, vagina hyperemia, cervical hyperemia, uterine augmentation,large uterus,hard uterine texture,cervicitis,small uterus and vaginal atrophy of the female disabled persons with different types of disability（ P〈0. 05）.（ 3） There were significant differences in the detection rate of cervical erosion,uterine atrophy,vagina hyperemia,cervical hyperemia,uterine augmentation,large uterus,hard uterine texture,cervicitis,and vaginal atrophy of the female disabled persons with different levels of limbs disability（ P〈0. 05）; there were significant differences in the detection rate of uterine atrophy and hard uterine texture of the female disabled persons with different levels of vision disability（ P〈0. 05）; there were significant differences in the detection rate of uterine atrophy, cervicitis and small uterus of the female disabled persons with different levels of intelligence disability（ P〈0. 05）; there were significant differences in the detection rate of hard uterine texture of the female disabled persons with different levels of mental disability（ P〈0. 05）;there were significant differences in the detection rate of uterine atrophy of the female disabled persons with different levels of multiple disabilities（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The detection rate of cervical diseases such as cervical erosion and uterine atrophy is rather high. It is of great significance in carrying out gynecological examination and related prevention and rehabilitation of the disabled to keep reproductive health of the female disabled people.