山东地区育龄妇女弓形虫感染调查

Investigation on Toxoplasma gondii infection in reproductive women in Shandong Province

目的调查山东地区育龄妇女弓形虫感染情况和相关危险因素,为制定减少新生儿缺陷和提高人口素质的相关措施提供参考依据。方法选取2013年1月-2015年12月在山东地区各市、县医院就诊的5 386名育龄妇女作为研究对象,检测其血清弓形虫抗体IgG和IgM。同时,开展问卷调查以了解该地区育龄妇女弓形虫感染的相关危险因素。结果5 386名孕龄妇女中,弓形虫特异性IgG抗体阳性623例,阳性率11.56%;弓形虫特异性Ig M抗体阳性328例,阳性率6.21%。单因素分析显示,孕育状态(χ2=13.12,P<0.01)、居住地为市区还是县区(χ2=6.27,P<0.05)、是否有动物接触史(χ2=10.46,P<0.01)、是否吃半生不熟食物者(χ2=21.19,P<0.01)与弓形虫感染相关。结论山东地区育龄妇女弓形虫感染率较高,弓形虫感染与孕育状态、居住地、与动物密切接触程度和是否吃半生不熟食物等因素有关。提示应加强育龄妇女的弓形虫感染检测,并开展健康教育等干预措施,以预防控制育龄妇女弓形虫感染。

Objective To investigate the Toxoplasma gondii infection situation and relative factors in reproductive women in Shandong area,so as to provide the evidences for establishing strategies for reducing the birth defects and improving the quality of population. Methods A total of 5 386 reproductive women who visited hospitals at county and city levels in Shandong region from January 2013 to December 2015 were treated as the research objects,and their venous blood samples were collected to de？tect the antibodies（IgG and IgM）against T. Gondii in serum. Meanwhile,the related risk factors of T. gondii infection were sur？veyed by questionnaires. Results Among the 5 386 reproductive women,623 ones were positive for IgG antibody and the posi？tive rate was 11.56%,and 328 ones were positive for IgM antibody and the positive rate was 6.21%. The single factor analysis showed that the pregnant status（χ2 =13.12,P〈0.01）,whether the residences were in downtowns or counties（χ2 =6.27, P〈0.05）,whether having animal contact history（χ2=10.46,P〈0.01）,and whether eating half？baked foods（χ2=21.19, P 〈 0.01）were related to T. gondii infection. Conclusions The T. gondii infection rate of reproductive women in Shandong Province is high;the related risk factors include pregnant status,residence,degree of intimate contact with animal,and wheth？er eating half？baked foods. It suggests that the detection of T. gondii infection and health education in reproductive women should be strengthened.