四川省血吸虫病防治进展及流行现状

Schistosomiasis control progress and endemic situation in Sichuan Province

目的掌握四川省血吸虫病防治工作进展及疫情现状,为制定消除血吸虫病策略提供参考依据。方法收集2004-2015年四川省血吸虫病历史资料、血吸虫病防治工作报表、血吸虫病监测资料和血防能力资料,分析血吸虫病防治工作进展和流行现状。结果四川省11个市(州)63个县(市、区)流行血吸虫病,2015年全省达到血吸虫病传播阻断标准。全省现有钉螺面积2 537.54 hm2,现有晚期血吸虫病人1 769例。2004-2015年累计查螺433 065.80 hm2,药物灭螺251 259 hm2;人群血检2 601.714 4万人次,人群化疗789万人次;检查耕牛127.611 7万头次。2004-2015年全省血吸虫病人和病畜数、有螺面积逐年下降,自2010年至今未发现当地感染的病人和病畜,自2004年至今未发现感染性钉螺。部分地区血防专业技术人员较少,防治技术与硬件设备落后,血吸虫病防控能力较弱。结论四川省已于2015年达到了血吸虫病传播阻断标准;今后应进一步加强综合治理、提高能力建设、建立敏感有效的监测体系、实施精准血防,从而巩固全省血吸虫病传播阻断成果,力争早日消除血吸虫病。

Objective To understand the schistosomiasis control progress and endemic situation,so as to provide the evi？dence for formulating the strategy of schistosomiasis elimination in Sichuan Province. Methods The schistosomiasis history da？ta,working reports of schistosomiasis prevention and control,schistosomiasis surveillance data,and data of schistosomiasis pre？vention and control capacity were collected and analyzed for the schistosomiasis control progress and epidemic situation in Sich？uan Province from 2004 to 2015. Results There were 63 schistosomiasis endemic districts in 11 cities in Sichuan Province, and the standard of schistosomiasis transmission interruption was achieved in the whole province in 2015. Currently,the area with Oncomelania hupensis snails was 2 537.54 hm2,and there were 1 769 advanced schistosomiasis patients. From 2004 to 2015,the accumulated survey area with snails was 433 065.80 hm2,and the area of snail control by molluscicides was 251 259 hm2. There were 26.017 144 million person？times of schistosomiasis blood tests and 7.89 million person？times of chemotherapy. There were 1.276 117 million head？times of cattle that received the schistosomiasis examinations. The schistosomiasis patients and livestock and the area with snails were decreased year by year. Since 2010,there were no local schistosome？infected resi？dents and livestock and since 2004,there were no schistosome？infected snails. However,in some area,the professional person？nel were less,the technology and hardware lagged behind,and the schistosomiasis prevention and control capacity was weak. Conclusions Sichuan Province achieved the standard of schistosomiasis transmission interruption in 2015. In the future,the comprehensive schistosomiasis prevention and control strategy still should be strengthened,including the promotion of schistoso？miasis prevention and control capacity,establishment of sensitive early？warning surveillance system,and implementation of ac？curate schistosomiasis prevention and control,in order to consolidate the control achievements and realize the aim of schistoso？miasis elimination as soon as possible.