广州市增城区初中学生的青春期生殖健康知识调查

Investigation on adolescent reproductive health knowledge for junior high school students in Zengcheng district of Guangzhou city

目的:通过对广州市增城区初中学生的生殖健康知识掌握现状的调查,为开展中学生的青春期生殖健康教育提供参考资料。方法:本课题组设计问卷,内容涉及生理、生殖、避孕、流产、性与性病等知识。采用整群抽样法对广州市增城区某中学1 263名初中学生进行不记名问卷调查。男女学生对生殖健康知识了解程度的差异采用χ2检验分析。结果:收回有效问卷1 210份,问卷回收率95.8%。大部分学生对青春期与生殖系统发育过程等表示一般了解或者完全不了解;对生殖生理知识的正确回答率从高至低依次是婴儿出生部位(67.70%)、精/卵子发生部位(58.84%和55.04%)、女性易怀孕时期(48.70%)、男/女何时具有生育能力(29.26%和31.74%);男生(30.44%)认为流产对身体没有伤害显著高于女生(9.58%)(P<0.001);女生(71.65%)对性病的了解稍高于男生(66.82%),但未见有统计学差异(P>0.05);21.00%的男生对中学生发生性行为持开放态度,显著高于女生的10.85%(P<0.001)。结论:初中学生的生殖健康知识知晓率低,男生与女生对生殖健康知识的了解程度有差异,女生认知水平总体高于男生;应重视和加强中学生的青春期生殖健康教育。

Objective： To explore reproductive health knowledge for junior high school students and provide the references for adolescent reproductive health education. Methods： A questionnaire was selfdesigned, which contained knowledge of physiology, reproduction, contraceptives, abortion, sex and sexually transmitted diseases （STDs）. A total of 1 263 students from a middle school in Zengcheng district of Guangzhou city were surveyed anonymously. Chi square test was used to analyze differences of reproductive health knowledge between boys and girls. Results： One thousand two hundred and ten eligible questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 95.8%. The greater part of students just knew little or nothing about puberty and reproductive system development. The acquaintance percent of physiology and reproduc- tive knowledge from high to low was that the place where babies are born （67.70%）, the location of spermato- genesis and oogenesis （58.84% and 55.04%）, the period that female are easy to be pregnant （48.70%）, and the period that male and female began to have fertility （29.26% and 31.74%）. Far less girls （9.58%） than boys （30.44%） considered that the effect of abortion on physical injury was harmless （P〈0.001）. Girls （71.65%） had a little higher sexually transmitted diseases （STDs） knowledge than boys （66.82%）, but there was no difference （P〉0.05）. The sexual opinion of boys （21.00%） was more open than girls （10.85%）, which showed a significant difference （P〈0.001）. Conclusion： The reproductive health knowledge for junior high school students was at a low level. There was a difference between male and female students in understanding reproductive health knowledge. Female students had more knowledge than male students as a whole. It was urgent to carry out education among junior high school students to improve their reproductive health.