T淋巴细胞在哮喘发病机制中的作用

Development and study of T cells in the pathogenesis of asthma

支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)的本质是慢性气道炎症,是多种炎症细胞(如嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞等)和其介质共同参与引起的慢性炎症反应,而T淋巴细胞在其中发挥重要作用。T淋巴细胞目前主要分为四个亚群,分别是Th1、Th2、Th17和Treg亚群。过去曾认为Th1/Th2平衡失调是哮喘发病的关键因素,但近年研究发现Th17/Treg及Th2/Treg的平衡失调在哮喘的发病机制中同样发挥巨大作用,且日益受到重视。本文就T细胞在哮喘发病机制中的作用及研究进展做一综述。

Bronchial asthma （asthma）, the basic nature of which is chronic airway inflammation, is the pro- cess of chronic inflammation reaction induced together by a variety of inflammatory cells （eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, etc.） and the media of them, and T lymphocytes play an important role in the process. Nowadays T lymphocytes are mainly divided into four subgroups, respectively Th1, Th2, Thl7, Treg subsets. The imbalance of Th 1/Th2 was always thought to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of asthma, but recently it has been found that the disorder of Th17/Treg has a tremendous importance, which has been paid more and more attention. Besides the imbalance of Th2/Treg also has an important significance. There is a complex relationship between them. This review summarizes the recent advance about development and study of T cells in the pathogenesis of asthma.