miRNAs参与肝细胞肝癌发生机制的探索与临床应用的挑战

Mechanisms for microRNAs in pathogenesis of hepatocellularcarcinoma and challenges in their clinical application

肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是全球死亡率极高的恶性肿瘤,严重危害着我国人民的健康.肝癌的发生机制错综复杂、涉及诸多因素的参与.微小RNAs(mi RNAs)是一类非编码的微小RNA,他调控人类近三分之一的基因,在肿瘤的增殖、侵袭、转移、血管生成、细胞周期和凋亡方面发挥着重要的作用.大量的研究发现mi RNAs与HCC的发生发展密切相关,在H C C的诊断、治疗中具有较大的临床价值,为未来肝癌的治疗开启了新的篇章.本文整理和归纳了目前mi RNAs参与HCC发生、发展的相关信号转导通路及其临床应用价值和面临的挑战.

Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） is one of the most deadly tumors worldwide,and it seriously endangers the health of people in China.Hepatocarcinogenesis is an extremely complex process that involves many risk factors.MicroRNAs（miRNAs） are a group of small,short and non-coding RNAs,and approximately one-third of human genes are regulated by miRNAs,which play important roles in tumor cell proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis as well as tumor invasion,metastasis,and angiogenesis.Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs have a close relationship with hepatocarcinogenesis.In addition,miRNAs play a significant role in the diagnosis and therapy of HCC.In this review,we discuss the recent advances in the understanding of signaling pathways that are related to miRNAs in hepatocarcinogenesis,and the challenges faced in the clinical application of miRNAs.