发展中国家典型环境服务付费实践案例分析——肯尼亚的经验与启示

Analysis on Practical Cases of Typical Payment for Environmental Services in Developing Countries——Experience and Enlightenment in Kenya

基于新古典经济学纯粹市场理论的环境付费机制,在当前全球知识经济体系下已暴露出明显不足。随着工业化水平的提高,对环境的关注已成为突出的政治问题,特别是一些发达国家的民众越来越对以环境破坏与物种减少为代价获取经济与技术的快速发展提出质疑。比较了发达国家与发展中国家环境服务付费实践的差异,选择肯尼亚等5个发展中国家典型PES项目实践案例,介绍、分析、总结了PES实践的经验与教训,结合我国生态补偿实践的现状和新时期生态补偿实践中出现的主要新问题,提出思考与建议。

Based on pure market theory of neoclassical economics, environmental payment mechanism exposed clearly insufficient in the current global knowledge economy. With the increase of the level of industrialization, concern for the environment became a prominent political issue. In par- ticular, more and more people in some developed counties questioned on rapid economic and technology development at the cost of environment de- strnction and species reduction. After comparing the difference on payment for environmental services between the developed countries and developing countries, six typical cases of PES projects in Kenya, a developing country, were chosen to introduce, analyze and summarize the PES practical experi- ence and lessons. Combined with China＇s major ecological compensation practice situation and new problems arised in practice, some thoughts and suggestions were put forward.