眼动试验在建筑业安全隐患识别研究中的应用与展望

Application prospect of eye-tracking experiments in studies of construction safety hazard identification

为改良建筑业既有安全隐患识别方法,提高安全隐患识别绩效水平,针对现有研究的瓶颈,探究眼动试验在建筑业研究中的应用,并予以展望。通过论述安全检查在建筑业实践和理论研究中的成果和不足,回顾眼动试验在医疗卫生、交通安全等领域的研究现状,总结出眼动试验在应用领域、试验素材、眼动指标等方面的异同,凸显此试验范式在建筑业应用的潜力。未来研究可参考不同领域中眼动试验的研究范式,深入研究隐患识别的心理机制,分析与归纳建筑业不同干系人识别安全隐患的视觉行为规律,进一步优化工程设计,加强施工安全管理措施。结果表明,未来建筑业可通过眼动仪获取实证数据,作为优化建筑业安全管理措施的基础来有效提升安全绩效。

In order to improve hazard identification approaches and performance effectively in construction, this research aims to summarize the challenges of safety inspection studies in construction and application prospects of eye-tracking experiment. First, the achievements and challenges of safety inspection studies in construction were summarized. Then the similarities and differences of eye-tracking experiments in healthcare and traffic domains were reviewed, including research questions, elements, and metrics. Lastly, with the experimental paradigms of eye-tracking experiments in different areas, the psychological mechanics and the visual behavior of different stakeholders in hazard identification can be further studied. The application prospect of eye-tracking experiments in construction studies was suggested for promotion of prevention through design and improvement safety control measures. Thus, succeeding construction studies can acquire empirical visual perception information through the eye-tracking experiments as an evident-based foundation for improvement of construction safety management measures.