中国植物科学基础研究概览

Basic Research Panorama of Plant Science in China

近年来,随着国家在基础研究投入的增加,大批优秀中青年学者成长以及海外学子归国,我国植物科学从跟踪,逐渐步入领跑学科发展的方阵。中国植物生物学家在Cell、Nature、Science和植物科学国际主流期刊发表的论文数剧增,具有原创意义的研究成果推动了部分前沿领域的发展。水稻生物学以产量控制基因研究以及杂交育种理论研究为代表推动了学科发展;以独脚金内酯和茉莉素信号转导途径及其生物学效应为代表的激素生物学具有明显的优势;以基于测序和计算能力的水稻基因组为先导,推动了国际植物基因组学的发展方向。本文概述了中国植物科学的发展动态,旨在展望未来,引导科学家集中力量解决作物生产中的基础科学问题。

In the recent decade, Chinese plant biologists have become a predominant and world-class research team, partly benefitting from significantly increased financial supports and funding by Chinese government. As a con- sequence, Chinese plant biologists have published a large number of research papers in top tier journals, in- cluding Nature, Science and Cell, playing leadership roles in several research fields. In rice biology, Chinese scientists have dominated in studies on the molecular mechanisms regulating yield-related traits and heterosis as well as hybrid breeding practices. In phytohormone biology, Chinese scientists have made critical contribu- tions for the establishment of the framework of strigolac- tone signaling and the identification of the jasmonate receptor. Represented by the rice genome projects, Chinese scientists play a pioneering role in plant genome biology. In this review, we summarize recent key ad- vances made by Chinese plant biologists and discuss perspectives in crop-based plant biological studies.