空间站机械臂操作绩效评价方法分析研究

Analysis of Evaluation Method of Manipulators Performance in Space Station

掌握空间站机械臂操作,对于未来我国空间站建设等载人航天任务具有重大的意义。而科学全面的绩效评价模型有助于提高航天员机械臂操作水平和训练效果。本文通过分析当前国际空间站机械臂任务应用和操作特点,归纳和总结了包括美国航空航天局(National Aeronautics and Space Administration,NASA),麻省理工学院(Massachusetts Institute of Technology,MIT)在内的空间机械臂操作绩效的评价方法,并讨论了空间站机械臂操作绩效评价方法的利弊。机械臂操作绩效可以结合教员主观评价与客观数据,并从生理、认知等多个层面、全面科学地进行评价。

The manipulator is of great importance for the construction of the future Chinese manned space sta- tion. A comprehensive performance evaluation model will be helpful to improve the operation skills and train- ing efficacy of astronauts. In this paper, the application and operation features of the space manipulators in the International Space Station were analyzed and the performance evaluation methods on robotic arms in space sta- tion by National Aeronautics and Space Administration （NASA） and Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT） were summarized. Then the advantages and disadvantages of these methods were discussed. It is pro- posed that the future research may combine the subjective assessment of the instructors with the objective data and conduct a comprehensive evaluation from the physical and cognitive aspects etc.