不同原料组分对聚氨酯泡沫反应温度及泡沫密度、泡体结构、热稳定性的影响

Effects of Different Components on Reaction Temperature,the Foam Density,Bubble Structure and Thermal Stability of the Polyurethane

为进一步研究聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)的物理性能和热性能,以一步法制备聚氨酯泡沫,研究了黑料、发泡剂、锡类催化剂和泡沫稳定剂对PUF的影响。研究表明当物理发泡剂HCFC-141B的质量份数从8.33增加至50.0,反应温度从109℃下降到80.0℃,PUF密度从0.074 g/cm^3下降到0.044 g/cm^3,泡沫孔径明显增大,同时PUF800℃残炭量从25%下降到5%;当泡沫稳定剂硅油1086的质量份数从0增加到3.33,PUF反应温度从113℃下降到84.5℃,密度从0.222g/cm^3下降到0.047 g/cm^3,泡沫孔径明显减小,泡体变得致密规整,同时PUF800℃残炭量从16%上升到23%。实验表明,配方为44V20 167份,HCFC-141B 8.33份,C-101 0.083份,硅油1086 3.33份的泡沫具有较好的物理性能和热性能。

The physical property and thermal property of Polyurethane foam （PUF） have been studied. PUF has been prepared with one - step method in different mass fraction of the black material, the foaming agent, tin cat- alyst and foam stabilizer. When the mass fraction of physical foaming agent HCFC - 141B increased from 0 to 83.3, the reaction temperature, density and residual char of the PUF decreased from 105℃ to 72℃, from 0.111 g/cm3 to 0. 029 g/cm3 and from 25% to 5%, respectively. However, the bubble size increased obviously. When the mass fraction of silicone oil 1086 increased from 0 to 3.33, the reaction temperature decreased from 113℃ to 84.5℃ and the density decreased from 0. 222 g/cm3to 0. 047 g/cm3. Meanwhile, the bubble size also decreased obviously, and the residual carbon amount at 800℃increased from 16% to 23%. When the mass fraction of black material, the foaming agent, tin catalyst and foam stabilizer were 167, 8.33, 0. 083, 3.33, PUF had better physical property and thermal property.