“我”究竟是谁——美国新锐少年小说《分歧者》中主体的认同与异化

Who am “I”: Subjective Identification and Alienation in American Young Adult Novel Divergent

美国少年小说作家维罗妮卡·罗斯创作的《分歧者》系列丛书获得好评如潮。小说探讨反乌托邦主题,塑造了以碧翠丝和老四为代表的融合无私、友好、正直、博学和无畏五种品质的分歧者形象,以此探讨在国家权力构建过程中个体主体性的建构过程。以拉康的镜像理论为批评视角,探讨碧翠丝在无私派、无畏派和心理恐惧模拟测试过程中经历的主体的认同、异化与溯归过程。罗斯通过塑造代表本然纯粹的分歧者形象从而为反乌托邦书写注入了新的希望。

The series of Divergent, written by Veronica Roth has gained wide acclaim. In the novel about Dystopia, the images of divergent people have been portrayed such as Beatrice and Four, bestowed with five categories of personalities： abnegation, amity, candor, erudition and dauntlessness. Thus the focus has been centered on subjectivity construction in the course of the construction of power of the state. Explored from the perspective of Lacan＇ s mirror stage theory, processes of Beatrice＇ s subjective identifying, alienation and acceptance in abnega- tion, dauntlessness and psychological fear simulation have been put under careful observation. Through the portrait of Beatrice as a divergent, Roth fills Dystopia with hope for salvation.