不同类型江苏粳稻主推品种的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Major Japonica Cultivars of Different Ecotypes in Jiangsu

利用48对SSR分子标记对2007—2013年江苏省审定的65份不同类型常规粳稻品种和7份对照品种进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：42对分子标记在供试材料间存在多态性,42对SSR标记共检测到101个等位基因,变化范围为2-4个,平均每个位点2.40个。基因多样性指数变异范围为0.03-0.64,平均0.21。多态信息含量（PIC）变异范围为0.03-0.58,平均0.18。65份江苏省常规粳稻品种间的遗传相似系数变异范围在0.78-0.97之间,平均0.91,95.4%的供试品种其遗传相似系数在0.87-0.97之间。3个不同类型的粳稻品种群体内,迟熟中粳检测出的等位基因数量最高,迟熟中粳的平均位点PIC值和基因多样性指数均高于晚粳品种和中熟中粳。UPGMA聚类结果表明,以遗传相似系数0.87为界,可将除‘通鉴981’、‘扬农稻1号’和‘盐稻10号’以外的62份江苏省常规粳稻品种分为2类;江苏省大面积生产主推粳稻品种的遗传多样性不够丰富,品种间的遗传距离较小,同一育种单位选育的品种间遗传距离更小。

Genetic diversity of 65 japonica rice varieties which were approved by Jiangsu from 2007 to 2013 and 7 control varieties were analyzed by 48 SSR primers. The results indicated that polymorphism existed inthe experimental materials,and a total of 101 alleles loci were detected. The average number of alleles per SSRlocus was 2.40 with a range from 2 to 4. The average value of gene diversity index was 0.21 with a range from0.03 to 0.64. The value of polymorphism information content（PIC） was 0.18 with a range from 0.03 to 0.58.The intervarietal genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.78 to 0.97,with an average value of 0.91 for 65 japonica rice varieties. The genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.87 to 0.97 for 95.4% of the 65 japonicarice varieties. In three types of japonica varieties,genetic diversity of the late-maturation mid-season japonicahad the highest number of allele,mean locus PIC value and genetic diversity index were higher than that of latejaponica and mid-maturation mid-season japonica. Clustering analysis through UPGMA method showed that65 japonica rice varieties could be clustered into two groups except‘Tongjian 981＇,‘Yangnongdao1＇and‘Yandao 10＇. The japonica rice varieties in Jiangsu had close genetic relationship with each other and thegenetic diversity was not enough at present. The varieties bred by the same breeding organization had a closergenetic relationship.