微切助互作技术提取橘皮香精油研究

Extraction method of essential oil by press-shear assisted interaction technology from citrus peel

目的建立应用微切助互作技术从橘皮中高效提取香精油的方法。方法以邵阳当地蜜橘为研究对象,硫酸钾和β-环糊精作为助剂,通过微切助互作技术处理,并采用单因素试验和正交试验作为实验方法,以柑橘皮中香精油的提取率为主要考察指标,对研磨时间、球磨机转速、球磨珠粒数和助剂添加量等4个因素进行研究。结果在助剂添加量为0.2 g,研磨时间为10 min,球磨珠粒数为5粒,球磨机转速为9 r/s条件下所得的香精油提取率最高,可达1.72%。各因素对提取率的影响次序为:助剂添加量>研磨时间>球磨机转速>球磨珠粒数,比传统水蒸汽蒸馏组提取率高0.53%,比不含有β-环糊精助剂的超微粉碎组高0.16%,比未添加硫酸钾和β-环糊精助剂超微粉碎组高0.29%,比未进行超微粉碎的粗粉组高0.4%。结论与传统热回流方法比较,该方法高效安全,适合提取橘皮中的香精油。

Objective To establish a method for the extraction of essential oil from citrus peel by press-shear assisted interaction technology.Methods With Shaoyang local tangerine as materials,K2SO4 and β-cyclodextrin as additives,citrus peel essential oil was extracted by pressure-shear induced chemical transitions.With citrus peel essential oil extraction rate as the main examine index,the milling time,rotating speed of mill,milling beads number and amount of additives added were optimized by the single factor and orthogonal experiment.Results The results showed the best extraction condition was as the following：the reagent was 0.2 g,the grinding time was 10 min,the number of milling beads was 5,and the rotating speed of mill was at 9r/s.From the orthogonal experiment,the influence of various factors on the extraction yield order was：additive〉 polishing timerotating speed of mil〉lgrinding beads numbers.In optimal conditions,the extraction rate of essential oils was up to 1.72%,0.53%higher than traditional steam distillation extraction rate,0.16%higher than the β-cyclodextrin ultrafine grinding aid group,0.29%higher than no addition of K2SO4 and β-cyclodextrin ultrafine grinding aid group and 0.4%than meal group.Conclusion Compared with heat reflux method,press-shear assisted interaction technology can significantly increase the rate of essential oil extraction from citrus peel.