恽毓鼎与丁未政潮

Yun Yuding and the Political Conflict of 1907

作为晚清重大的历史事件,丁未政潮直接影响了政局的发展走势。当政潮两派斗争正酣之际,素有不喜攀附权贵之清名却又郁郁不得志的恽毓鼎突然连上两道奏折,分别弹劾瞿鸿禨、岑春煊,直接把这两位当朝大员拉下了马,进而帮助庆亲王奕劻、袁世凯取得政争的胜利。恽毓鼎的行为在当时引起极大的争议,并因此备受世人诟病,但对于其在丁未政潮中扮演的角色以及义无反顾投身这场政治角力的原因,学界一直缺乏系统和全面的研究。这其中,恽毓鼎作为庆袁集团的重要棋子,不但是弹劾的具体实施者,更积极参与了事件的谋划,通过自己的方式给予了瞿、岑致命一击。分析恽毓鼎此举的原因,其根源在于他期望通过上书弹劾赢得当权阶层的赏识以改变生活窘迫状态,并在仕途上再进一步;客观上,当然也离不开庆袁集团的刻意拉拢以及几个知交好友对他的影响。

An important historical event in the late Qing dynasty, the political conflict of 1907 directly affected the political situation. During this conflict, Yun Yuding, who had been known for uprightness but had an unsuccessful career, surprisingly submitted two memorials to the emperor impeaching Qu Hongji and Cen Chunxuan. The impeachment led to the resignation of Qu and Cen and helped Yuan Shikai and Prince Qing （Yi Kuang） win in this conflict. Yun aroused great controversy and he was widely criticized. However, few systematic and comprehensive research has been done on his roles in this political conflict and the reasons for taking part in the movement without hesitation. In fact, as an important figure in the Prince Qing and Yuan Shikai political clique, Yun not only started the impeachment, but also actively participated in planning it. The reasons for the great controversy that Yun caused were that he expected to win favour from those in power, improve his living standards and move up the political hierarchy. Of course, he had been affected by the Prince Qing and Yuan Shikai political clique and some intimate friends.