秸秆覆盖和保水剂对烤烟生长发育的影响

Effects of Straw Mulching and Water-Retaining Agent on Growth and Development of Flue-Cured Tobacco

为明了秸秆覆盖和施用保水剂对烤烟生长发育的影响,以K326为供试材料,于2015年在四川省会理县进行研究。试验采用随机区组设计,设置地膜覆盖(CK)、秸秆覆盖(T1)、"丰雨"保水剂+地膜(T2)、"惠之源"保水剂+地膜(T3)、"丰雨"保水剂+地膜秸秆双覆盖(T4)、"惠之源"保水剂+地膜秸秆双覆盖(T5)共6个处理。研究结果表明:秸秆覆盖和施用保水剂的烟株生长发育好于对照;其叶面积系数增加较快并能达到适宜状态,最终以T3、T4的较大;其烟株中后期干物质积累量大幅提高并高于对照,也以T3和T4为高;T1在整个生育期的根冠比较大,T3、T4的根冠比表现为前期较大、后期较小;T3、T4的叶绿素含量前期保持在较高水平、后期逐渐降低,类胡萝卜素含量始终较高,这有利于烟叶正常落黄和烟叶质量的提高,是较适宜的处理方案。

In order to study the effects of straw mulching and water-retaining agent on the growth of flue-cured tobacco,we used randomized block design to set up treatments of plastic mulching（ CK）,straw mulching（ T1）,＂Feng Yu＂water-retaining agent and plastic mulching（ T2）,＂Hui Zhi Yuan＂water-retaining agent and plastic mulching（ T3）,＂Feng Yu＂water-retaining agent and straw mulching（ T4）,＂Hui Zhi Yuan＂water-retaining agent and straw mulching（ T5）. K326 was used as material for the study in Huili County of Sichuan Province in 2015. The results showed that straw mulching and the application of water-retaining agent could affect the growth and development of tobacco plant,and they grew better compared with control. The leaf area index increased rapidly and reached the optimum state under the treatment of straw mulching and water-retaining agent,and that of T3 and T4 was the largest finally. The amount of dry matter accumulation of tobacco plant under straw mulching and water-retaining agent increased sharply and was higher than the control,and that of T3 and T4 was the highest. The root-shoot ratio of T1 was larger in the whole growth period,while that of T3 and T4 was larger at earlier stage and smaller at the middle and later sta-ges. The chlorophyll content of T3 and T4 maintained higher level at earlier stage and reduced at later stage gradually,and the carotenoid content was always higher. In conclusion,T3 and T4 treatments were more benefit to normal mature appearance and flue-cured quality increase.