地下中深孔爆破地震波监测及衰减影响因素分析

Analysis on Seismic Wave Monitor of Medium-length Hole Blasting Underground and Influence Factors of Attenuation

消除及控制城市矿山井下爆破对地表环境及构筑物的振动影响具有重要意义。针对梅山铁矿爆破振动控制问题,在大量爆破振动监测的基础上,采用灰色关联度法对爆破振动影响因素开展分析。以振动合速度和主频作为系统特征指标,以单段最大药量、总药量、爆心距、高程差、分段数和炮孔数6个比较数列作为影响因素,通过灰关联度计算得到该6个指标的关联度排序。通过对实测数据进一步统计分析,将分段数控制在5段及以上对于控制地表爆破振动速度有显著效果。从最大限度控制地表振动主频的角度看,应优先使用逐孔起爆,一次爆破总药量控制在950 kg为宜。

Eliminating and controlling the vibration influence of surface environment and structure caused by underground blasting in city Mine has a great significance. Therefore, aiming at the problem of blasting vibration control of Meishan iron mine,the influence factors of blasting vibration are discussed by gray correlative degree method on the basis of massive blasting vibration monitoring. The resultant velocity and main frequency are used as system characteristic index. A relational grade sorting with six indexes, including charge amount per delay, total explosive amount, distance to blast center, height deviation, delay number and blasthole number, respectively, can be obtained by grey relation calculation. According to measured data, a remarkable effect is obtained when the delay number is divided into more than 5 segments to control upper blasting vibration velocity. From the perspectives of controlling upper main vibration frequency, hole by hole initiation is used preferentially, and single blasting total dosage should be better to control within the range of 950 kg.