不同类型植烟土壤养分含量、微生物数量与酶活性研究

Soil Nutrient Content, Soil Microorganism Amount and Soil Enzyme Activity in Different Types of Tobacco-planting Soil

试验调查研究了四川省凉山州会理县的4种土壤类型(红壤土、紫壤土、白砂土和水稻土)的养分含量、微生物数量和土壤酶活性。结果表明:红壤土总体肥力最好,但受土壤p H偏酸性的影响,细菌数量、速效磷含量和过氧化氢酶活性数值偏低,脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性低于紫壤土。紫壤土总体肥力小于红壤土,p H呈微碱性,有利于微生物生长,微生物数量最多,较高的土壤肥力、适宜的p H和最高的微生物量,使得脲酶和蔗糖酶活性最高,过氧化氢酶的活性也高于红壤土。白砂土总体肥力最低,微生物总量也是最低,脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性最低,过氧化氢酶的活性高于红壤土。水稻土的总体肥力小于紫壤土,p H呈微酸性,细菌数量偏低,放线菌的数量偏低,真菌数量显著增加。

An experiment was carried out in Huili of Liangshan, Sichuan to investigate and study soil nutrientcontent, soil microorganism amount and soil enzyme activity of four types of soil（red soil, purple soil, whitesandy soil and paddy soil）. The results showed that the fertility level of red soil was the best, but affected bysoil acidic p H, the amount of bacteria, the content of available phosphorus and soil catalase activity wererelatively low. The activity of urease and sucrase were lower than that of purple soil. The fertility level of purplesoil was lower than that of red soil, the p H value of purple soil was alkalescent, which was conducive to thegrowth of microorganism, and it had the highest amount of microorganism. The higher fertility level, suitablep H value and the highest amount of microorganism led to the highest activity of urease and sucrase, also thecatalase activity was higher than that of red soil. The fertility level of white sandy soil was the lowest, as well asthe total amount of microorganism and the activity of urease and sucrase, but the activity of catalase was higherthan that of red soil. The fertility level of paddy soil was lower than that of purple soil. The p H value of paddysoil was subacidity, the quantity of bacteria and actinomyces were relatively low, but the quantity of fungi wassignificantly high.