云南省马铃薯主要品种晚疫病抗性评价

Resistance Evaluation of Main Potato Varieties to Late Blight in Yunnan Province

为了解云南省马铃薯主要品种的晚疫病抗性,利用云南省马铃薯晚疫病菌优势生理小种(1.2.3.4.6.7.9.10.11)和超级生理小种(1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11)对云南省马铃薯主要品种进行抗性评价。结果表明,在供试的20个品种中,没有对2个供试生理小种表现高抗的品种;对优势生理小种,‘云薯304’、‘云薯401’、‘镇薯1号’和‘紫云1号’4个品种表现抗病,‘合作88’和‘云薯505’表现中抗;对超级生理小种,仅‘云薯304’和‘云薯401’分别表现抗病和中抗。云南省种植的马铃薯主要品种中‘会-2’、‘丽薯6号’、‘宣薯2号’和‘青薯9号’对优势小种均已丧失抗性,‘合作88’仅表现中抗。生产上迫切需要晚疫病抗性强且抗性持久的马铃薯新品种,以减少晚疫病造成的产量和经济损失。

Detached leaves from 20 potato varieties were inoculated with the dominant physiological race （1.2.3.4.6.7.9.10.11） and the super physiological race （1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11） of Phytophthora infestans in order to determine resistance of different potato varieties to P. infestans in Yunnan Province. No variety was found with high resistance to the two races in the 20 varieties tested. For the dominant race, four varieties （‘Yunshu 304＇, ‘Yunshu 401＇, ‘Zhenshu 1＇ and ‘Ziyun 1＇） showed resistance, and two varieties （‘Hezuo 88＇ and ‘Yunshu 505＇） had middle resistance. For the super physiological race, only ‘Yunshu 304＇ and ‘Yunshu 401＇ showed resistance and middle resistance, respectively. In Yunnan Province, most of the main potato varieties cultivated in recent years, such as ‘Hui-2＇, ‘Lishu 6＇, ‘Xuanshu 2＇ and ‘Qingshu 9＇, had lost resistance to the dominant race of P. infestans, and ‘Hezuo 88＇ showed only middle resistance. In order to reduce losses from the late blight, it is an urgent need to breed and extend potato varieties with strong and durable resistance to P. infestans.