超声波清洗中草药当归的初步研究

Preliminary experiment on ultrasonic cleaning of Chinese herbal medicine Angelica sinensis

考察超声波清洗当归的试验参数:超声波频率、功率、清洗时间和清洗液及其温度。以自来水洗后当归的清洁度为考核目标,用250 W、40 k Hz的低频超声波清洗机清洗干燥当归。结果清洗水温与所需清洗时间呈负相关,水温(25-60℃之间)越高,达到洁净度要求所需时间越短;水温60℃时清洗时间最短;将水加热到超过30℃,清洗30 min以上即可达到净洗目的(清洁度在4级以上);在25℃(室温)下超声波清洗60 min就可达到4级及以上清洁度,既节水、节能,又可保证当归有效成分基本无流失。

Objective： To determine test parameters of ultrasonic cleaning on Angelica sinensis, such as ultrasonic frequency,power, cleaning time, cleaning fluid and its temperature. Methods： The dried Angelica sinensis was treated with ultrasonic cleaning machine（250 W, 40 k Hz） and the purity degree was assessed. Results： There was a negative correlation between water temperature and the cleaning time. The shortest cleaning time was needed when the water temperature was 60 ℃, which was consistent with the literature. As long as the water was heated to over 30 ℃ and cleaning for more than 30 min, the washing purity degree was 4 or above; In the actual processing of Angelica sinensis, it was necessary to raise proper temperature for quick cleaning, while it should avoid heat cleaning when the subsequent process was slow. Conclusion： Angelica sinensis treated by ultrasonic cleaning at 25 ℃（room temperature） for about 60 min can achieve purity degree 4 or above cleanliness, moreover this method can save both water and energy, and cut effective ingredient loss as well.