中国富豪创新不足的历史溯源

History Trace for the Lack of Innovation by the Chinese Rich

中国历史上曾经出现过大量超级富豪,历史上的富豪比现代的富豪更加富有,其中不乏富可敌国者。中国历史上的富豪主要分布在盐铁、铸钱(票号)和对外贸易等垄断性行业,他们通过垄断寻租而非技术创新积累起巨额财富,遵循着"无创新的巨额财富积累模式"。不仅如此,"无创新的巨额财富积累模式"还具有自我循环机制,通过挤占创新资源和诱使社会精英偏离创新轨道等机制进一步抑制了创新。破解"无创新的巨额财富积累模式"的关键是削减政府手中的权力,消除垄断寻租的空间,从而培育出创新型富豪。

In Chinese history,there were many super rich who are richer than the current rich. The rich mainly distributed in monopoly industries such as salt,iron,coin-minting( bank),foreign trade. They accumulated wealth mainly by rent-seeking instead of innovation. We call the Chinese rich follow'the pattern of wealth accumulation without innovation'.What's worse,'the pattern of wealth accumulation without innovation'was self-perpetuating. It can inhibit innovation by squeezing sources used for innovation and inducing social elite depart from innovation. The key to break 'the pattern of wealth accumulation without innovation'is to cut the rights hold by the government and eliminate the space for rent-seeking. In that case,China can cultivate rich with enough innovation activities.