仪式音声中的互动仪式链--以鄂西土家族“陪十姊妹”仪式音声为例

The Interactive Ritual Chain in the Ritual Sound-Voice:A Case Study of the Ritual Sound-voice in the“Accompanying Ten Sisters”of Tujia People in Western Hubei

音声研究的兴起,体现了新时期中国音乐学的多学科融合,多视角并存的研究走向。文章以鄂西土家族"陪十姊妹"仪式音声为研究个案,以田野调查为基础,与文献分析相结合,通过对仪式音声中的"告祖、陪十姊妹席、百家唱"流程的再现,剖析了"陪十姊妹"音声"以歌代哭形式""仪式化时空""群体女性主角"的特征。在此基础上效验社会学互动仪式链理论,提出"陪十姊妹"仪式音声作为传统婚俗仪式符号,"混夜"功能是其表层动力,深层是追求情感能量的最大化;礼是其价值观的外显,本质是对完整互动仪式链的追求。以期通过本文研究回答陪十姊妹仪式研究中的四个核心问题:何以,何为,为何,何去。

The development of the sound - voice studies represents the interdisciplinary fusion of Chinese music studies in the new era and the co - existence of multi - perspectives in research. Based on the fieldwork and archival studies, the paper takes the ＂accompanying ten sisters＂ ritual sound -voice of Tujia People in E＇xi （ western Hubei） areas as a case study in order to investigate the sound - voic-space＂ and ＂femae of the ＂accompanying ten sisters＂ and the features of ＂songs for crying＂, ＂ritualized time le -centred group＂ through studies of the processes of ＂telling older sister, accompanying ten sisters, a hundred families singing＂ in the ritual sound -voice. Based on the results, the paper tests the interactive ritual chain theory in sociology and proposes that the ritual sound - voice of ＂accompanying ten sisters＂ acts as symbol of traditional marital ritual, the function of ＂blurring night＂ is the surface layer force while the deep request is to pursue the maximum of emotional energy. Dowry is the explicit interpretation of the value and the nature of it is the pursuit of a complete interactive ritual chain. It is hoped in the paper that four key questions in the ＂accompanying ten sisters＂ ritual can be answered ： why （ reason）, how （ to do it）, why （ for what） and where （where does it evolve to）.