《万历会典》的工艺美术制度史料研究

Historical Study on the Arts and Crafts System in the Wanli Statutes

《大明会典》是研究明代典章制度的基础性资料,有《正德会典》和《万历会典》两种,后者是对前者的增补,篇幅更大、内容更丰富。《万历会典》作为明史研究中最重要的典籍,其中与工艺美术相关的资料,散见于各有司衙门的职掌、管理和监督,农业、手工业、商业等制度以及赋税、户役等政策中,对研究明代工艺美术有重要的参考价值。文章从匠役、待遇、赏罚、库藏与运输、禁制等五个方面,探讨明代工艺美术制度存在的相关问题。

The Statutes of the Ming Dynasty is the basic data for the study of the system of the Ming Dynasty, and it had two versions, namely the Zhengde ment of the former, with larger scale and richer Statutes and Wanli Statutes, and the latter was the supplecontent. Wanli Statutes is the most important literature for the study of the history of the Ming Dynasty, and in it there are some relative records about arts and crafts, which are very valuable for the study of the arts and crafts of Ming Dynasty. But these records are scattered in the records about the bureaucratic divisions, namely executives, management and supervision, records a- bout the systems of agriculture, handicrafts and commerce, and records about the polices of taxes and household service. The paper discusses the related problems of the arts and crafts system of Ming Dynasty in terms of craftsmen, treatment, reward and punishment, storage and transportation, and prohibition.