子阵级数字波束形成抗多主副瓣干扰及测角技术

Multiple Jamming Cancellation Using Adaptive Subarray DBF for Angle Estimation

对于大型的二维相扫雷达天线阵列,数字波束形成通常在子阵上完成,以减少数字接收机的数量并降低成本。基于子阵级数字波束形成,文中提出了一种改进的自适应信号处理架构,在低成本的情况下,同时抑制多个主副瓣干扰,并保持对目标的单脉冲测角精度。首先,每个子阵内部形成非自适应的波束并转化为数字输出;再利用行和列波束的分维特性,在子阵级形成自适应波束,进行干扰抑制处理;最后,分别将各个行或列波束合成为全阵列的俯仰或方位和差波束,用于目标的单脉冲测角。与传统的四通道抗主瓣干扰相比,该方法在合成和差波束前,基于子阵级数字波束完成自适应干扰的抑制。因此,充分利用了有限的自由度,挖掘了子阵级数字阵列抗同时多个主副瓣干扰的能力。还结合相控阵雷达实例,给出了仿真结果,验证了该方法的有效性。总的来说,所提出的阵列信号处理架构,在降低系统复杂度和成本的同时,大大提高了雷达系统的抗干扰能力。

An enhanced array processing architecture using adaptive digital beamforming at subarray level is proposed for monopulse angle estimation in presence of mainlobe and sidelobe jammings. First, in order to reduce the receiver count, fixed analog beam-forming is performed at element level and sub-array outputs are converted to digital signals. Then, adaptive row and column digital beams are formed at subarray level to adaptively cancel multiple jammings. Finally, monopulse sum and delta beamformer follows using row and column beams in vertical and horizontal dimension respectively for elevation and azimuth angle estimation. Compared with the conventional processing with four beams, adaptive digital beamforming is performed with subarray beams prior to sum and delta beamforming, that is, more digital degrees of freedom are exploited. Thus the capability of cancelling multiple electronic jam-mings simultaneously is provided. Additionally, simulation results of angle estimation are shown. To sum up, this technique is de-veloped to demonstrate the potential of digital beamforming at subarray level with low cost and more facility.