竞技体育文化意识的形成、发展与异变——以里约奥运会为例

The Formation,Development and Mutation of Competitive Sports Cultural Awareness:a Case Study of the Olympic Games in Rio

竞技体育的发展最初来自于大众的竞猜行为。在长久的发展中,竞技体育逐渐发展有了今天的雏形。规则、娱乐、以及定期举行的赛事带给当代观众以强烈的视觉观感,在体育中所体验的刺激、挑战、快乐则是竞技体育风行与世界的重要原因。然而竞技体育的文化形成中,也出现了各种因素的融合。以奥运会为例,其文化内涵和文化纸箱却仅仅不只是全球性的运动赛事这样简单,更多的则是融合了经济、政治、文化等因素,因此,在针对当代竞技体育文化进行分析时也应该重新审视体育的价值,即:什么造就了现代竞技体育?,"竞技体育的社会性功能是什么?""竞技体育的文化机制与价值的未来归因方向是什么?"这三方面不仅仅构成了大众文化对体育意识的理解,也重构了现代体育的模式和规则。文中也从这三个角度出发,立足于现代文化分析角度,探索竞技体育文化意识的形成、发展与异变。

Competitive sports originated in gambling and have undergone a long time of development. Rules,entertainment, and regular events bring contemporary spectators a strong visual perception,whereas excitement,chaienge and amusement that people experience are a major reason for their popularity. However,various factors other than sports also have figured in the formation of competitive sports culture. Take the Olympics for example. It is no such simple matter as a single global sports event ; instead,in its culture box you may find political,economic and cultural element.This calls for a reexamination of the value of sports： What exactly makes contemporary competitive sports ？ What are the social functions of competitive sports？ and What is the future direction of cultural attribution mechanism and value of competitive sports？ These three aspects not only constitute an understanding of sports awareness by the popular culture,but also reconstruct the patterns and rules for modern sports. Starting fromthese aspects,the presentstudy explores the formation,developmentand and mutation of competitive sports cultural awareness from the standpoint of modern culture.