宫颈组织结构与宫颈机能

Cervical Structure and Cervical Function

宫颈是胎儿与阴道之间的屏障,是动态变化的组织结构,妊娠期宫颈内在组织成分发生一系列变化继而引起的解剖结构的变化,包括宫颈软化、成熟、延展,称为"宫颈重塑";宫颈组织结构先天发育异常或者宫颈手术可致妊娠中、晚期宫颈不能承受宫腔内压力,引起羊膜囊脱出,继而导致早产或中期流产。本文系统阐述宫颈在妊娠前、妊娠后及分娩后组织结构的一系列生理及病理学变化的研究进展。

The cervix is a barrier between the uterus and vagina,it is the organizational structure with dynamic change,the structure of cervix has a progressive change during pregnancy,including softening,shortening,funneling,effacing,dilating and postpartum repair,which is called ＂cervical remodeling＂.Any congenital malformation or injury of cervix will cause cervical incompetence,result in premature birth or abortion.A series of physiological and pathological changes of cervix before pregnancy,during pregnancy are described in this paper.