过氧乙酸对池塘水体的增氧抑菌抑藻效果研究

Oxygenation,antimicrobial activity and algal control by acetic acid peroxide

为寻找一种既安全可靠,又能增加水体溶氧、杀灭水体病原菌并改善水体环境的抑藻试剂,用多功能水质分析仪检测在10、20、30℃条件下,过氧乙酸(体积分数为15%)在池塘水和蒸馏水中的放氧效果。结果表明:温度越高放氧越快,但温度越高氧气的饱和量越低,气体外溢,故测出的溶解氧浓度数值较低;采用滤纸片法和二倍稀释法测定过氧乙酸和3种常用杀菌剂对6种常见水产病原菌(副溶血弧菌、维氏气单胞菌、嗜水气单胞菌、溶藻弧菌、沃氏葡萄球菌和腐生葡萄球菌)的抑菌效果,结果显示,抑菌效果依次为恩诺沙星>过氧乙酸>聚维酮碘>高锰酸钾;对暂养的黄丝藻藻华进行毒杀,结果显示,随着时间的延长,加入高浓度过氧乙酸的试验组水体开始混浊,藻丝体开始断裂,叶绿素a含量减少;各时段下,过氧乙酸浓度组叶绿素a含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05),随着时间的延长各浓度组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量均呈先增长后下降的趋势,说明黄丝藻藻丝体受到了过氧乙酸的破坏,开始解体甚至死亡。研究表明,在水产养殖池塘中使用过氧乙酸,增氧、抑菌、抑藻效果明显。

The amount of dissolved oxygen released by acetic acid peroxide（15%） was measured in pond water and distilled water by a dissolved oxygen meter at water temperature of 10,20 and 30 益 and bacteriostatic efficacy of acetic acid peroxide and the other 3 conventional bactericides for six common aquatic pathogenic bacteria inclu-ding Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, Aeromonas veronii, A. hydrophila, Staphylococcus warneri, and S. saprophyticuswas studied by filter method and double dilution method to search a suitable algae inhibiting prepa-ration with oxygenation, and antimicrobial activity. Th e results showed that the higher the temperature w a s, the more rapidly the dissolved oxygen released,with decrease in oxygen saturation and measured values as the elevated temperature. The sterilization order of the acetic acid peroxide and the other 3 conventional bactericides was ranged as enrofloxacin〉 acetic acid peroxide〉povidone lodine〉potassium permanganate. A n algal inhibition test revealed that alga Tribonema collected from aquaculture ponds appeared to be broken and to be decrease in chlorophyll a content,significantly lower chlorophyll a content than that in the control group （ P〈0.05） ,as high concentration of acetic acid peroxide was added into the test tanks. There were higher activity of superoxide dismutase （ S O D ） and content of malondialdehyde （MDA ） first and then decrease in the alga exposed to various levels of acetic acid per-oxide, indicating that the alga was damaged by acetic acid peroxide, even mortality. T he findings indicate that ace-tic acid peroxide can be used in oxygenation,antimicrobial activity and algal control in aquaculture.