实现航迹跟踪功能的机载系统架构

Airborne System Architecture for Implementing Trajectory Tracking

MH370飞机失联事件促使国际民航组织(ICAO)关注民用飞机飞行过程中的全程监视问题。中国民航计划推广使用广播式自动相关监视(ADS-B),以实现对航空器的运行监视,同时利用ADS-B数据链传输天气、地形和空域限制等信息,提升飞行安全。从机载系统综合化设计角度出发,提出了几种实现航迹跟踪功能的机载系统方案。这些系统方案均采用了基于综合模块化航电(IMA)系统架构,充分考虑了ICAO的航迹跟踪要求和飞行安全需求,并采用了成熟的先进技术,主要包括基于ADS-B功能、基于甚高频(VHF)数据链、基于卫星通信(SATCOM)数据链和基于高频(HF)数据链的系统方案。最后,给出了机载系统架构、系统方案评估及未来发展方向。

The event of MH370 makes the international civil aviation organization （ICAO） to focus on the entire monitoring problem of the civil aircraft flight. The civil aviation administration of China （CAAC） plans to implement operation monitoring for the aviation aircraft by using the automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast （ADS-B）, and then uses the information of weather, terror and airspace restriction of ADS-B to improve the flight safety. Through the integrated design of airborne systems, several solutions of airborne system architecture for implementing trajectory tracking are provided. These solutions are based on integrated modular avionics （IMA） architecture, considering requirement of the trajectory tracking and the flight safety, using mature and advanced technologies. The main system architecture solutions include ADS-B function, very high frequency （VHF） data link, satellite communication （SATCOM） data link, and high frequency （HF） data link system. Finally, the airborne system architecture, solution evaluation and future development direction are given.