轴向压缩下泡沫铝填充薄壁圆管吸能特性研究

Study on Energy Absorption Properties of Thin-walled Circular Tubes Filled with Aluminum Foam under Axial Compression

利用有限元软件ABAQUS对7种不同几何尺寸的泡沫铝填充管进行准静态轴向压缩的数值仿真分析,系统地研究了管的高度、壁厚、直径以及泡沫铝的填充对圆管吸能性能的影响;与实验对比,分析了7种泡沫铝填充试件的平均载荷、初始峰值载荷、比吸能(ESA)和压缩力效率(ECF)等吸能评价指标。研究结果表明,泡沫铝填充管在准静态轴向压缩时,管的壁厚与直径对管的吸能性能有显著影响;管的高度对其吸能性能影响较小,但高度的增加可以增加管的总吸能;泡沫铝的填充提高了管的承载力、总吸能、比吸能和压缩力效率。本研究成果可为设计理想的缓冲吸能装置提供一定的技术依据。

Numerical simulation analysis of tubes filled with aluminum foam of seven differentgeometric sizes under quasi-static axial compression was conducted using the finite element soft-ware ABAQUS. The influence of the height,thickness and diameter of tubes on the energy ab-sorption properties of the tubes and the foam-filled tubes was studied systematically. Comparativeanalysis was conducted on the evaluation indexes of energy absorption such as average load,initialpeak load, specific energy absorption （EsA） and compression force efficiency （EcF） for seventypes of foam-filled tubes. The results show that the thickness and diameter of the tubes have asignificant effect on energy absorption properties of the structures when the tubes with aluminumfoam filler are under quasi-static axial compression. The effect of height is not evident but the in-crease of the height can improve the total energy absorption of the tube. Aluminum foam fillerimproves the bearing capacity, total energy absorption, specific energy absorption and compres-sion force efficiency of the tubes. The results of the research can provide some technical basis forthe design of ideal energy absorption devices.