蹦床网面力学性能的实验和数值研究

Experimental and Numerical Study on the Mechanical Properties of the Trampoline Net

对国际蹦床比赛所用的弹性网面进行了力学性能测试分析研究。首先对网面进行静态加载,得到网面不同网格处的荷载-垂直位移曲线,求得了不同网格处的垂直刚度系数和1/4网面的垂直刚度分布方程;再用ABAQUS软件对蹦床网面进行模拟,结合静载数据反分析得到网面的等效弹性模量。结果表明:对于整个网面,网格越到中间,垂直刚度系数越小,即网面中间区域最软,越到边上区域网面越硬;位移和应力从网面中央向四周逐渐减小,而在对角线上较大,并且网面边缘存在应力集中;根据等效弹性模量计算得到的网面中心的荷载-垂直位移曲线与实验数据吻合较好。研究结果可作为运动员提高技术水平和进行弹跳技术理论分析的数据支撑。

The mechanical properties of the elastic net of trampoline in international competition were analyzed in the present research.The load-displacement curves of different grids were obtained using the static loading test;and then the vertical stiffness coefficients of different grids and the corresponding distribution equation of the quarter net were calculated.The equivalent elastic modulus were obtained using the inversion analyzing method by finite element software ABAQUS.The results show that for the whole net surface,the stiffness coefficient gradually decreased from the net frontier to middle area.The stress and displacement decreased from middle area to the boundary,and the stress concentration appeared on the surface edge.The calculated loading-displacement results fitted well with the obtained experimental data.In conclusion,this paper provides a way for further analyzing the theory of bouncing and improving the technology of athletes.