温度对北极红点鲑生长及非特异性免疫指标的影响

Effect of Temperature on the Growth Performance and Nonspecific Immune Parameters of the Salvelinus alpinus

为研究温度对北极红点鲑生长和非特异性免疫指标的影响,设置10,13,16,19℃4个温度梯度,选取1龄北极红点鲑（161.7±2.59）g,经过42 d的养殖试验,结果表明：温度对体重增长率影响极显著（P〈0.01）,温度为16℃时体重最大,19℃时体重最小;对摄食率影响不显著（P〉0.05）;对饵料系数影响显著（P〈0.05）。16℃时体重增长率和饵料利用率最高,19℃时最低。温度对SOD、MDA、CAT、AKP、ACP等非特异性免疫指标的影响均为极显著（P〈0.01）,13~16℃非特异性免疫机能能较好的发挥作用,19℃时非特异性免疫机能降低。说明北极红点鲑的适宜养殖温度为16℃左右,最好控制在19℃以下。

The effects of water temperature （ 10, 13, 16 and 19℃ ） on growth performance and non- specific immune parameters of Salvelinus alpinus were studied for a period of 6 weeks. Three hundred sixty fish with initial body weights of （161.7±2.59） g were randomly arranged into 12 glass aquaria in equal numbers in four recirculating systems to form four groups in triplicate. The results showed that there were significant differences in harvesting weight and feeding conversion rate. Among all treatment groups, the significantly highest harvesting weight and lowest feeding conversion rate were observed in 16℃ group （P〈0.05）. The nonspecific immune parameters such as SOD,MDA, CAT, AKP and ACP were influenced significantly by treatments （P〈0.01）. All the parameters showed better performance when the temperature ranged from 13℃ to 16℃, however all the non-specific immune parameters declined when the temperature increased to 19℃. Based on the present findings, a culture temperature of 16℃ can be considered to be the optimum temperature for the aquaculture of S. alpinus.