农民工内部工资差异研究

Wage differentials within rural migrant workers

文章运用均值分解和分位数回归分解方法考察了受雇型农民工内部因所有制、行业和区域等分割因素所导致的市场分层和工资差异。研究发现,所有制、行业和区域等分割性因素解释农民工内部工资歧视的占比超过人力资本等特征因素所解释的工资差异占比。分位数回归分解显示,农民工基于所有制和行业分层的收入差异存在"天花板效应",基于区域分层的收入差异存在"粘地板效应"。前者与经济结构调整导致行业间的工资分化有关,后者与区域经济发展差距、区域间最低工资标准差异以及就业区域选择的累积效应等因素密不可分。而且,同一所有制或行业内部的农民工存在明显的区域收入差距,呈现东高西低特征。农民工内部"工资歧视"只是城市社会对农民工群体歧视的另一种表现形式。

Utilizing mean decomposition and quantile regression decomposition methods,this paper analyzes the market stratification and wage differentials among employed rural migrant workers,which are caused by some segmentation factors such as ownership,industry and region. Study found that proportion of wage discrimination revealed by above-mentioned factors within rural migrant workers exceeded more than these indicated by characteristics differentials such as human capital. Quantile regression decomposition shows that ＂ glass ceiling effect＂ exists when wage differentials is caused by ownership or industry stratification,while regional wage disparities bring about＂sticky floor effect＂. The former is related closely to inter-industry wage differentials as adjusting the economic structure,while the latter are inseparable with regional economic development gap,inter-regional differences in the minimum wage and the cumulative effects as selecting the employment area so on. Moreover,there is significant regional income gap for rural migrant workers working in the same ownership or industry,and the wages in the eastern is higher than these in the western. ＂ Wage discrimination＂ within rural migrant workers only is another form in which urban society discriminates against the rural migrant workers.