北斗导航/超短波通信双模三频一体化终端天线的研究与设计

Research and Design of a Dual-mode Tri-band Antenna for BDS Navigation and Integrated UHF Communication Terminal

为了满足某型单兵系统中通信终端对超短波通信与北斗卫星导航定位的需求,设计了兼容导航与超短波通信双模式的新型单兵通信终端天线。通过在印刷折叠四臂螺旋天线(FPQHA)顶部的螺旋臂与折叠臂间加载电容,设计了电容加载的印刷折叠四臂螺旋天线,实现了北斗卫星导航B1、B3双频段覆盖。该天线结构紧凑,且能够通过改变电容值大小便捷地进行调谐优化。根据当前超短波通信终端采用外置单极子鞭状天线的现状,将提出的电容加载FPQHA与原单极子超短波通信天线同轴共置,减小了天线系统在其载体平台上所占的空间。并通过结构优化,尤其是在单极子天线外添加套筒,解决了二者的兼容性问题。该天线便于综合集成现有设备,能够达到实战中对高精度北斗卫星导航的性能要求,同时支持超短波频段通信。

In order to satisfy the requirements of communication terminal in an individual soldier combat system for navigation and ultra-high frequency （UHF） communication, a novel antenna for the individual soldier communication terminal is proposed, which is compatible with navigation and UHF communication functions. A novel capacitors loaded-FPQHA is designed by loading series capacitors at the top of folded printed quadrifilar helix antenna （FPQHA） , which realizes the coverage of B1 and B3 bands for Beidou satellite navigation system （BDS）. The proposed antenna has a compact structure and can be tuned conveniently by adjusting the capacitance values. Given that the current UHF radios typically employ an external whip antenna for communication, the proposed capacitors loaded-FPQHA is coaxially located with the existing monopole antenna, which reduces occupation of antenna system on the terminal, and the compatibility issue is solved through structure optimization, especially with a sleeve added around the monopole. The proposed antenna can be easily integrated with existing individual soldier system and reduce the maintenance costs. It satisfies the performance requirements of high-precision BDS navigation in warfare, and UHF communication is also supported.