饲粮代谢能及粗蛋白质水平对绍兴鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质及血浆生化指标的影响

Effects of Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein Levels on Laying Performance,Egg Quality and Plasma Biochemical Indexes of Shaoxing Ducks

本试验旨在研究饲粮代谢能(ME)及粗蛋白质(CP)水平对绍兴鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质及血浆生化指标的影响,探讨绍兴鸭饲粮中代谢能及粗蛋白质的适宜水平。采用3×3二因子完全随机分组设计,选择972只健康的38周龄绍兴鸭,随机分为9个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复18只鸭。饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质各设3个水平,代谢能水平:11.30、10.88、10.46 MJ/kg;粗蛋白质水平:18%、17%、16%。试验期为12周。结果表明:1)饲粮代谢能水平对绍兴鸭产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日采食量和料蛋比均无显著影响(P>0.05),但饲粮代谢能水平显著影响了绍兴鸭日产蛋重(P<0.05);饲粮代谢能水平为11.30 MJ/kg时,日产蛋重最高,料蛋比最低。饲粮粗蛋白质水平对产蛋率、平均蛋重、日产蛋重、平均日采食量、料蛋比均无显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮粗蛋白质水平为18%时,产蛋率及日产蛋重最高。2)蛋黄色泽随饲粮代谢能水平升高而显著升高(P<0.05),但随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的升高而显著下降(P<0.05),且饲粮代谢能与粗蛋白质水平对蛋黄色泽存在显著的交互作用(P<0.05)。3)饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲粮代谢能水平增加显著提高了肝脏中甘油三酯的含量(P<0.05)。随饲粮粗蛋白质水平升高,肝脏中脂肪含量有降低的趋势(P=0.08)。由此可见,在本试验中,饲粮代谢能水平为11.30 MJ/kg、粗蛋白质水平为18%时,绍兴鸭的生产性能达到最佳。

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary metabolizable energy（ME） and crude protein（CP） levels on laying performance,egg quality and plasma biochemical indexes of Shaoxing ducks,and to estimating the optimum levels of metabolizable energy and crude protein.Three dietary metabolizable energy levels（11.30,10.88 and 10.46 MJ/kg） and three dietary crude protein levels（18.00%,17.00%and16.00%） were examined using a 3×3 factorial arrangement of treatments.A total of 972 healthy Shaoxing ducks were randomly allotted to 9 groups with 6 replicates per group and 18 birds per replicate.The experiment lasted for 12 weeks.The results showed as follows：1） dietary metabolizableenergy and crude protein levels did not affect the egg production,average egg weight average daily feed intake and deed to egg ratio（P〉0.05）.But dietary metabolizable energy level significantly affected daily egg mass（P〈0.05）.The best feed to egg ratio and daily egg mass can be obtained at dietary metabolizable energy level of 11.30 MJ/kg.The best egg production and daily egg mass can be obtained at dietary crude protein level of 18%.2） The yolk color score was significantly increased with dietary metabolizable energy level increasing（P〈0.05）,but it was significantly decreased with dietary crude protein level increased（P〈0.05）.There was a interaction effect between dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein levels on the egg yolk color（P〈0.05）.3） Dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein levels did not affect the plasma total protein and albumin content（P〉0.05）.The liver triglyceride content was significantly increased with dietary metabolizable energy level increasing（P〈0.05）.The liver lipid content trended to be decreased with dietary crude protein level increasing（P= 0.08）.The results indicate that the optimal dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein levels for performance of Shaoxing ducks was 11.30 MJ/kg and 18%,respectively.