澳洲高校土木工程专业教育模式的比较研究——以新南威尔士大学为例

Comparative study of education mode for civil engineering specialty in Australian universities:taking the University of New South Wales as an example

从培养方案、学制、专业与课程设置等方面,文章对澳大利亚新南威尔士大学土木工程专业教育模式进行分析和比较。该校在本科阶段一般是"宽口径、厚基础"的大土木培养模式,并设置单学位与双学位并重的学士培养机制,课程学时和学分设置紧凑,学生选修课程自由而宽泛。研究生阶段分为课程研究生(硕士)和研究型研究生(硕士和博士)两个培养层次。课程研究生通过完成课程学习,修满指定的学分即获得学位;研究型研究生一般没有学分要求,但对论文的研究质量和创新性要求高,体现了"宽进严出"的培养模式。通过对该校一流学科工程教育模式的比较研究,为国内高校土木工程专业的学科发展和卓越工程师教育计划的推进提供一些有益的建议。

The University of New South Wales （UNSW） is taken as an example for studying the Australian higher education mode, the cultivating scheme, degree system, and specialty and curriculum setting of civil engineering discipline are analyzed and compared respectively. In the undergraduate education stage of UNSW, a cultivating mode named ＂wide scope and profound base＂ is adopted for the teaching activities of civil engineering specialty, along with the training mechanism of single and double bachelor degree. Compact course hours and credits always contribute to providing flexible and broad elective courses for the undergraduate students. In the postgraduate education stage of UNSW, there are two cultivating categories including the coursework program （ master degree） and the research program （ master and doctor degree）. Students of coursework program may be awarded the master degree as they have completed specified courses and credits. Comparing with the coursework students, there have no credit requirements for the research students, but the high-quality thesis and innovative research works must be achieved by them in order to embody the training mode of ＂entry easy and exit strict＂. The comparative study of the engineering education mode of UNSW may help domestic colleges or universities promote the development of civil engineering discipline and outstanding engineers program.