精神病医院自杀防范措施改进与效果分析

Improvement and Effect Analysis of Suicide Prevention Measures in Psychiatric Hospital

目的通过对22例自杀、自杀未遂、自伤(简称自杀)精神障碍患者的案例进行追踪分析,并进行个案现场追踪,建立完整的精神障碍患者自杀防范体系,降低医院自杀等医疗不良事件的发生。方法根据追踪方法学的原理,确立追踪小组成员与追踪路线,对2013年7月至2014年6月我院发生的22例自杀患者进行回顾性追踪分析,制定改进方案,并在实施方案过程中对自杀高危案例进行现场追踪,一年后评价医院自杀防范措施得分及精神障碍患者自杀发生率及死亡率。结果医院各项自杀防范措施得分明显提高(P<0.05),自杀发生率明显下降(P<0.05),自杀死亡降为0例。结论追踪法可以有效提高精神病医院自杀防范效果,降低自杀等不良事件的发生。

Objective To establish a complete suicide prevention system of patients with mental disorders so as to reduce the rate of suicide and other medical adverse events through tracing analysis and case onsite tracing of 22 patients with mental disorders who commit suicide, attempted suicide and self-injury..Methods According to principle of tracing methodology, tracing team members and route were decided. Retrospective tracing analysis was conducted to analyze 22 patients who commit suicide, attempted suicide and self-injury in our hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. Improvement project was proposed and onsite tracing of suicide case with high risk was conducted during the implementation of the project. Score of suicide prevention measures in hospital and the incidence rate and mortality of suicide were assessed after one year. Results Scores of suicide prevention measures in hospital increased significantly（P0.05）, the incidence rate of suicide decreased significantly（P0.05）, and the mortality of suicide reduced to 0. Conclusion Tracing methodology can effectively improve the effect of prevention measures on suicide and reduce the occurrence of adverse events including suicide.