1933年《申报》读者关于农村出路问题的论战始末

The Debate of the Way out of Rural on Shen bao

1933年4月间,《申报》爆发了关于"农村回得去吗"的激烈论战。与其他论战迥异的是,此次论战参与者主体不是知识分子,而是普通民众。农业恐慌、城市失业严重的双重困境是论战的主要诱因。论战焦点由农村破产的原因到解决的方案不断深化转移,并聚焦在政治制度、社会制度变革上。最终,认为"农村回不去"并寻求根本改变的看法明显占得上风,反映了一般民众趋于激进的心理状态。其间,对乡村建设运动的尖锐批评,也揭示了乡村建设运动先天的实践困境;论战中被广泛采用的马克思主义分析工具,反映了当时普通民众对于马克思主义的认知和接受程度。

In April 1933, the debate of ＂the rural can back to or not＂ on Shen bao broke out. Different with other controversy, main body of the debate participant are not intellectual, but ordinary people. The panic of agriculture and the unemployment of urban are the main cause of the controversy. The focus of debate transferred from the cause of the rural economy bankruptcy to the solution, and finally focused on the change of the political system and the social system. In the end, the view of ＂the rural cannot back＂ and look for fundamental change gain the upper hand, which reflected the more radical psychological trend of the ordinary people .Meantime, the sharp criticism of the rural construction movement, also reveals inherent practice predicament of the rural construction movement; the Marxist analysis tool were widely used, which reflected the acceptance of Marxism on the Ordinary people.