宁夏中卫市回汉族中老年人群口腔黏膜病状况调查

Prevalence of oral mucosal diseases and related risk factors in the middle aged and elderly people of Hui and Han population in Zhongwei City,Ningxia Province

目的：了解宁夏中卫市回、汉族中老年人群口腔黏膜病的流行情况及相关危险因素。方法：采用多阶段、分层、空间抽样的方法，对中卫市1878名35～44岁和1878名65—74岁城乡常住的回、汉族人群中患黏膜病和未患黏膜病的受检者配对，然后进行口腔检查及问卷调查，并进行统计学分析。结果：①调查人群黏膜病的总检出率为6．7％，中、老人群检出率分别为6．2％和7．2％（P〉0．05），男、女分别为2．5％和4．2％（P〈0．05），汉、回族分别为5．4％和1．4％（P〈0．05）；②共检出8种黏膜病，检出率前3位为口腔溃疡（3．5％）、扁平苔藓（1．4％）、萎缩性舌炎（0．7％）；检出部位多位于双侧颊黏膜（31．7％）；③喜食辣食和烫食、全身性疾病和生活压力可能是诱发中、老年人黏膜病的危险因素，而文化程度和食用蔬菜水果频率是保护因素。结论：中卫市中老年人群黏膜病检出率较高，且发病率与文化程度、喜食辣食和烫食、食用蔬菜水果频率、全身性疾病和生活压力密切相关。

AIM： To investigate the prevalence of oral mucosal diseases and related risk factors in the middle aged and elderly people of Hui and Han population in Zhongwei City, Ningxia Province, China. METHODS： Multi stage, stratified, spatial sampling method was used to select 3,756 urban and rural Hui and Han people （ 1878 aged 35 -44 years and 1878 aged 65 -74 years） with or without oral mucous diseases. A questionnaire survey was conducted on all subjects. RESULTS： The overall prevalence of oral mueosal diseases in all the subjects was 6.7% ; in the middle aged and elderly people was 6.2% and 7.2% （P 〉0.05） , in the male and female 2.5% and 4.2% （ P 〉 0.05 ）, in Hui and Han people 1.4% and 5.4% （ P 〈 0.05 ）, respectively. A total of 8 oral mucosal diseases were detected in the subjects. Oral mucous ulcer showed the highest prevalence rate （3.5%）, followed by oral lichen planus （1.4%）, and atrophy glossitis （0.7%）. Eating spicy and hot food, systemic diseases and stress were risk fac- tors of oral mucosal diseases in the subjects, while education and eating vegetables and fruits were protective factors. CONCLUSION： The prevalence of oral mucous diseases in the middle-aged and elderly people in Zhongwei City is high. Eating habits, systematic disease, stress and educational level were related factors of oral mucous diseases.