先天性食管闭锁并气管食管瘘的诊断与治疗现状

Diagnosis and treatment of congenital esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula

食管闭锁并气管食管瘘(esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula,EA/TEF)是一种需要手术修复的威胁生命的先天畸形,但不论是食管闭锁本身、可能存在的严重合并畸形还是手术的实施,仍是对患儿和医者的考验和挑战.随着诊疗方法和技术的发展与提高,尤其是术前对EA的分型诊断、长段缺失型手术成功的积累增多及胸腔镜技术的应用等均取得进展,手术存活率已达到95%,但术后并发症及其处置仍需不断得到重视.

Esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula（EA/ TEF） is a congenital lifethreatening malformation which requires surgical repair,but it is still a challenge for patients and surgeons because of EA itself,possible combined severe deformities,and surgical risk.Thanks to the development and improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic methods and techniques,especially the progress achieved in preoperative EA diagnosis,successful surgery for long-gap EA/ TEF,and the application of thoracoscopic technology,the survival rate after surgery has reached 95%.However,the possible postoperative complications and its managements should not be ignored.