虹桥社区孕妇早期营养KAP状况分析

Analysis on status of KAP about early nutrition in pregnant women in Hongqiao community

目的了解虹桥社区孕妇早期营养知识、态度、行为(knowledge-attiude-practice,KAP)现况,为开展社区孕期营养健康教育提供理论依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对2015年8—12月在虹桥社区早孕建册门诊建册的245名孕妇进行营养KAP现况调查。计量资料比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果本市户籍孕妇在孕期"吃得越贵、精、细"的食品对健康有利、你是否知道BMI、新生儿出生正常体重你知道吗、膳食中热能主要来源、孕期缺乏哪种营养素会发生贫血知晓率显著高于非本市户籍,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。本市户籍孕妇对"孕期营养知识兴趣与主动学习孕期相关营养知识"积极态度所占的比例高于非本市户籍孕妇,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。210名孕妇中能保证"孕期每天补充营养保健品、每天吃早餐"的行为习惯,分别占92.86%(195/210)和91.90%(193/210)。结论虹桥社区孕妇KAP现况有所欠缺,相关部门应积极开展孕早期营养宣教,加强孕期营养健康教育普及工作,提高孕妇营养状况,保障孕妇和胎儿的健康。

Objective To understand the Hongqiao community in early pregnancy of nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior（KAP） status, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of community health education during pregnancy. MethodsBased on a self-designed questionnaire, 245 pregnant women who were pregnant in the early pregnancy in Hongqiao community from August to December in 2015 were investigated with KAP. Measurement data were compared with t test, count data was used by chi square test, P0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The awareness rates of the food of ＂eat more expensive and fine＂ is good for health, do you know BMI, do you know the birth weight of normal diet, the main sources of energy, which nutrients lacked during pregnancy may occur anemia in pregnant women of the household registration in the city were significantly higher than that without residence registration, the differences were statistically significant（all P0.05）. The proportion of positive attitude about ＂interest in nutrition knowledge and active learning relevant nutritional education in pregnancy＂ in the city was higher than that without residence registration, the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）. 210 pregnant women in pregnancy can ensure daily supplement nutrition and health care products and daily breakfast habits, accounted for 92.85%（195/210） and 91.90%（193/210）. Conclusion KAP status of pregnant women in Hongqiao community has been lacking, relevant departments should actively carry out nutrition education in early pregnancy, strengthen the popularization of maternal nutrition health education, improve the nutritional status of pregnant women, keep the healthy of pregnant women and fetuses.