法治中国背景下国家责任论纲

Outline of the State Responsibility Theory under the Background of China Ruled by Law

国家责任是指公民合法权益遭受公权力侵害,或者公民因犯罪行为、侵权行为以及灾害事故陷入生存困境,国家对其承担的损害填补、困难救济和基本生存保障的法律义务和法律责任。人权、法治和正义理论的发展,党全面深化改革的重大举措,必然推动国家责任体系拓宽、深化。健全完善包括国家赔偿、国家补偿、国家救助和社会保障为主要内容的国家责任体系,加强不同国家责任制度的衔接应对,对于进一步贯彻落实尊重和保障人权宪法原则,建设社会主义法治国家,推动国家治理体系与治理能力现代化,最大限度地实现社会公平正义,具有十分深远的理论和现实意义。

State responsibility refers to the state shall bear the legal obligation or liability of damage compensation, difficulty relief and subsistence guarantee if its citizens are caught in survival predicament due to the infringement of public power, criminal acts, tort acts and disaster accidents. Improving and perfecting the state responsibility system focused on state compensation, state reimbursement, state salvation and social security, and strengthening the institutional connection and response will be significant for further implementing the constitutional principle of respecting and safeguarding human rights, constructing the socialist country with the rule of law, promoting the modernization of state governance system and governance ability, and achieving social fairness and justice maximally.