我国刑事证据推理模式的转型:从日常思维到精密论证

The Transformation of the Ratiocination Pattern of Criminal Evidence in China:From Daily Thinking to Exact Argument

我国传统的刑事证据推理模式属于日常思维模式,存在着自发性、粗放性和跳跃性等弊端。威格莫尔分析法和图尔敏模型是西方学者提出的两种分析工具,有助于推动刑事证据推理实现从日常思维模式到精密论证模式的转型。我们应当批判地吸收威格莫尔分析法和图尔敏模型的合理之处,并结合我国国情加以本土化改造。具体思路是:将刑事证据推理分为目标事实版本的确立、证据推理模型的建构以及证据总体分量的评估等三个步骤,依次递进、环环相扣地展开。

The traditional ratiocination pattern of criminal evidence in China belongs to the mode of daily thinking, which has the disadvantages such as spontaneity, extensiveness and saltation. The analysis method of John H. Wigmore and the argument model of Stephen E. Toulmin are analysis tools put forward by Western scholars, which are conducive to the transformation of criminal evidence ratiocination from the mode of daily thinking to the mode of exact argument. We should critically apply the reasonable part of the two analysis methods and remold them in accordance with China＇s situation. The specific thought is： dividing the ratiocination of criminal into three steps that develops in turn, that is, the establishment of the target fact version, the construction of the evidence ratiocination model, and the evaluation of overall ponderance of the evidence.