干旱胁迫对夏谷干物质积累及产量影响

Effect of drought stress on dry matter accumulation and yield of summer millet

以济谷14为试验材料,利用盆栽方法,人工调控土壤含水量,设置5个处理,CK:全生育期不干旱;D1:拔节期干旱;D2:孕穗期干旱;D3:抽穗-开花期干旱;D4:开花-灌浆期干旱,研究不同生育时期干旱胁迫对夏谷叶片、叶鞘、茎秆、根、穗器官干物质积累和产量影响。结果表明,夏谷单株总干物质积累和穗干物质积累均呈近"S"型增长趋势;叶片、叶鞘、茎秆和根干物质积累呈单峰曲线变化。不同生育时期干旱胁迫均影响谷子干物质积累,处理间差异显著。拔节期干旱对谷子营养器官干物质积累影响程度最大。干旱胁迫使谷子产量降低,尤以开花-灌浆期干旱抑制干物质向穗部分配,减产最高,其次是拔节期干旱胁迫。拔节期和开花-灌浆期是谷子水分敏感期,生产上需确保足够水分供应。

The research mainly studied the effects of drought stress during different stages on dry matter accumulation of leaf, leaf sheath, stem, root, ear and other organs and yield of summer millet, which selected Setaria italica cv ＇Jigu14＇ as tested material, used the method of potted plant through the artificial regulation of four level soil moisture content, including five treatments （CK, no drought stress during the whole stage, D1, drought stress at jointing stage, D2, drought stress at booting stage, D3, drought stress at earing-flowering stage, and D4, drought stress at flowering-filling stage）. The results showed that： total dry matter accumulation per plant and ear dry matter accumulate of summer millet indicated the ＂S＂ type growth trend. Dry matter accumulation of leaf, leaf sheath, stem and root showed a single peak curve. Droughtstress at different growth stages all could affect dry matter accumulation, and the difference was significant between each treatment. Drought stress at jointing stage affected dry matter accumulation of vegetative organs of millet the worst. Drought stress reduced grain yield, and the yield decreased the most especially, and the second was drought stress at jointing stage. Jointing stage and flowedng- filling stage were the moisture sensitive period of millet, so, it need to ensure the sufficient water supply dudng millet production.