儒家“良知”思想的现代开展

Modern Development of the Confucian Notion of Intuitive Knowledge

儒家'良知'理论在知识、情感、意志方面蕴涵着丰富的哲学思想,其中道德与知识、直觉与理智等问题成为现代新儒家们'返本开新'所借鉴的主要理论资源。良知理论在儒学走向现代化过程中扮演了重要角色,并在现代新儒学那里形成了三种开展路向:梁漱溟代表的直觉主义、冯友兰代表的实证主义、熊十力和牟宗三代表的坎陷主义。这三种路向为良知理论的现代开展奠定了基本模式。

The Confucian notion of intuitive knowledge has rich philosophical significance with regard to knowledge,emotions,and intent.It also plays an important role in the modernization of Confucianism.The ideas of morality,knowledge,intuition,and intellect involved are valuable resources for New Confucianism in its effort to rejuvenate traditional Confucian thought.There are three new approaches to intuitive knowledge:the intuitionalist approach of Liang Shuming,the positivistic approach of Feng Youlan,and the self-negation approach of Xiong Shili and Mou Zongsan.The three approaches have laid the foundation for the modern development of the theory of intuitive knowledge.