脐血与母血中矿物元素含量关系及其对幼儿机体发育的影响研究

The relationship between the content of mineral elements in umbilical cord blood and maternal blood and its effect on the development of infant

目的研究母血和脐血中矿物元素的水平及其对幼儿机体发育的影响。方法采集2013年9月至12月在潍坊市人民医院产科住院分娩的产妇分娩前的静脉血样和第二产程的脐血血样,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(美国安捷伦公司)仪测定血清中矿物元素含量。对分娩的产妇及婴儿进行追踪并指导其护理和饮食,采用格塞尔婴幼儿发展量表测其机体发育情况。结果与健康成人相比,母血中Ca、Zn、Mn、Hg、Pb的含量较低,而Fe、Se、Cu含量高,Mg的含量处于正常值范围之内;脐血与母血中各矿物元素含量差异显著(P<0.05),两者之间Cu、Hg、Pb的含量具有相关性(P<0.05),且男、女婴之间有差别;男、女婴幼儿在粗动作、细动作、应物能、言语能以及应人能方面的发展差异无统计学意义,P>0.05;Mg(β=0.549,P=0.012<0.05)、Pb(β=0.407,P=0.021<0.05)是应物能水平的促进因素,Zn(β=0.479,P=0.042<0.05)是言语能发展水平的促进因素,Mn(β=-0.417,P=0.048<0.05)是言语能发展水平的抑制因素。结论产妇血中矿物元素的含量水平与健康人群有较大差异,脐血与母血中各矿物元素含量之间差异显著;脐血中潜在有毒金属Hg、Pb含量对母血中含量有依赖性,且胎盘对Pb有屏障作用,而Hg更倾向于透过胎盘进入胎儿体内蓄积;Mg、低浓度的Pb是应物能水平的促进因素,Zn是言语能发展水平的促进因素,而较多的Mn是言语能发展水平的抑制因素。

Objective：To study the level of mineral elements in maternal blood and umbilical cord blood and the effect of mineral elements on the development of children;Methods：The venous blood and the cord blood samples were taken respectively from parturient woman and the second stage of labor from September to December 2013 in Weifang City People′s hospital,and the mineral elements in serum were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（Agilent Co）. To track the delivery women and infant,and guide their nursing and diet,the Gesell＇s development table was used to measure the body＇s development of who were breast feeding. Results：Compared with healthy adults,the content of Ca,Zn,Mn,Hg,Pb in maternal blood were lower,and the content of Fe Se,Cu were higher,while the content of Mg in the normal range;The different between the mineral element content in umbilical cord blood and maternal blood was significantly（P 0.05）,and the elements contents of Cu,Hg,Pb in umbilical cord blood had interdependency with the contents in maternal blood（P〈0.05）,and there is a difference between male and female infants;The different of the development of gross motor,fine action,physical stress,language behavior and personalsocial behavior between male and female infants had no statistical significance,P〈0.05;Mg（β=0.549,P=0.012〈0.05）and Pb（β=0.407,P=0.021〈0.05）were the promoting factors for the physical stress,and Zn（β=0.479,P=0.042〈0.05）was the promoting factor for the language development,while Mn（β=-0.417,P=0.048〈0.05）was the inhibiting factor for the development of language. Conclusion：The content of mineral elements in maternal blood and healthy population had great difference,and the difference between the contents of the mineral elements in umbilical cord blood and maternal blood was significant;the contents of Hg and Pb in umbilical cord blood were dependent on the content of maternal blood,and the placenta was as a barrier to Pb,but Hg was more likely to enter the fetus through the placenta;Mg and low concentration of Pb were the promoting factors for the physical stress,and Zn was the promoting factor for the language development,while high concentration of Mn was the inhibiting factor for the development of language.