国家法在乡村社会运作困境的成因与破解——个人与国家关系的视角

The Cause and Resolution of Dilemma of Operating National Law in Rural Soceity——From the Perspective of Relationship Between Individuals and Nation

从国家与个人的关系角度去看待国家法无法融入乡村社会这一问题,就可以发现其内在原因是司法权力具有消极性质,它无法自上而下地直接渗入个人;外在原因则是国家的纠纷解决机制是"以调解为中心"的制度以及当国家法运用到个人的时候会被地方性权威所消解。因此,通过将法治目标与中国国情结合起来,树立司法权威,让个人明确自己权利和义务的边界,并且在制度设计中支持对个人权利的保护可能成为破解国家法无法真正渗入个人的一个路径。

From the perspective of the relationship between nation ans insivisuals,we can fins why the national law cannot blens in the rural soceity. The inner reason is that the jusicial power have negative nature ans cannot have sirect effect on insivisuals,ans the external reason is that the coun-try’s sispute resolution mechanism is the system of“focusing on the mesiation”,ans when applies to insivisuals,the national law will be sispelles by the local authority. Combining the target of law with China’s national consitions,setting up the jusicial authority,clarifying their rights ans obliga-tions of personal bounsaries,supporting the protection of insivisual rights in the system sesign couls be a path to resolute the problem.