拉枝下垂对双季葡萄秋冬茬成花的影响

Effects of Pull Branches Hanging down on Flower Formation of Double Season Grape in Autumn and Winter

[目的]研究拉枝下垂对双季葡萄秋冬茬成花的影响。[方法]对夏黑、巨玫瑰、金手指、维多利亚4个葡萄品种春茬开花后进行拉枝下垂（拉枝角度约90°）,秋冬茬于8月上中旬全部落叶后用50%单氰胺25倍液进行破眠催芽处理,研究拉枝下垂对春茬枝条老熟、果实转色成熟及秋冬茬成花的影响。[结果]拉枝下垂可促进春茬枝条提前老熟4~8 d,果实提早转色成熟5~7 d;促进花芽分化,提高花序质量,使花穗增长0.9~1.7 cm,成花率提高3.9%~10.1%、成花系数提高0.13~0.65,效果显著。[结论]拉枝下垂抑制了顶端枝条营养生长,使树体的生长势得以缓和,致使营养物质回流,促使营养生长向生殖生长转化,促进花芽分化,从而有利于早成花。

[Objective]To research the effect of pull branches hanging down on the blossom of the double season grape in autumn and winter.[Method]The four varieties of grapes with Summer black,Giant rose,Gold finger and Vitoria were pull down about 90 degrees after spring flowering,bud and hypnosis was broken with 50% 25 times cyanamide after all fallen leaves in mid August.[Result] Branches was older 4-8 days,fruit mature earlier 5-7 days with promoting flower bud differentiation and improving inflorescence quality,make the flower spike growth of 0. 9-1. 7 cm,flowering rate increased by 3. 9%-10. 1%,flowering coefficient increased by 0. 13-0. 65. [Conclusion]The vegetative growth of shoots was inhibited by pulling branches. The tree growth potential has been eased,resulting in the return of nutrients,promoting vegetative growth to reproductive growth,promoting flower bud differentiation,which is conducive to early flower.