兴国县农村居民糖尿病患病率的调查及影响因素分析

Prevalence of Diabetes and Its Influencing Factors among Rural Residents in Xingguo County

目的 了解兴国县18岁及以上农村居民的糖尿病患病率及其影响因素,为兴国县糖尿病防治提供参考。方法 采用多阶段分层抽样的方法,对年满≥18岁且在当地居住满6个月以上的常住居民进行面访及体格检查。结果 3271名调查对象中,糖尿病患病率为4.9%;女性糖尿病患病率为7.4%,明显高于男性的3.1%（P〈0.01）;糖尿病患病率随着年龄的增加而升高（P〈0.01）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄[50~65岁（OR=10.011,P=0.002）、≥65岁（OR=12.026,P=0.001）]、女性（OR=2.518,P=0.000）、BMI 24~28kg·m-2（OR=1.591,P=0.018）、BMI〉28kg·m-2（OR=3.440,P=0.000）、糖尿病家族史（OR=3.174,P〈0.01）、机关企事业人员（OR=5.068,P=0.000）]和口味咸（OR=1.896,P=0.013）为糖尿病患病率的影响因素,体育锻炼为保护性因素[经常锻炼（OR=0.279,P〈0.01）、偶尔锻炼（OR=0.362,P〈0.01）]。结论 兴国县农村地区的糖尿病患病率较低,中老年人群是糖尿病的高危人群,应加大对此类人群糖尿病防治知识的宣传,并采取有效的措施积极干预。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its influencing factors among rural residents aged 18 years and older in Xingguo county,and to provide a reference for diabetes prevention. Methods Residents aged 18 years and older and lived in rural areas for more than 6 months were selected using multistage stratified cluster sampling method for inter- view and physical examination. Results The prevalence of diabetes was 4.9% among the 3271 residents,and the prevalence among females （7.4%） was significantly higher than that among males（3.1%） （P〈0.01）. Furthermore, diabetes prevalence increased with age （P〈0.01 ）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 50-65 years of age（OR=10. 011,P=0. 002）, 65 years of age or older（OR= 12. 026, P = 0. 001）, female （OR=2. 518, P〈0.01）, body mass index （BMI） 24-28 kg·m-2 （OR： 1. 591 ,P=0. 018） ,BMI〉28 kg·m^-2 （OR=3. 440 ,P〈0.01） ,family history of diabetes （OR=3.174, P〈 0.01 ）, staff working in government offices, enterprises or institutions（OR=5. 068,P〈0.01）,and excessive salt intake（OR： 1. 896,P=0. 013） were the risk factors for diabetes. Physical exercise was the protective factor for diabetes（OR=0. 279 for regular exercise and OR=0. 362 for occasional exercise,P〈0.01）. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes is low in rural areas in Xingguo county. Middle or old-aged persons are the high risk pop-ulation. Therefore,diabetes health education should be performed and effective measures should be taken for the intervention of diabetes in this population.